but looking at the telegraph poles where the fibre comes up from ducting it looks like they have put splitters on all the connections.
It really depends on what you are really seeing, and where, when you describe the situation "the fibre comes up from ducting" and "have put splitters on all the connections".
You currently have FTTC, which means the fibre only goes as far as the cabinet 700m away. The final 700m to your house uses the copper pair that always used to be there.
That copper connection, from cabinet to house, cannot be shared between houses, and no "splitter" can be added that will allow your FTTC connection to continue to work (nor any old ADSL connection either).
There used to be a digital technology that worked as a splitter, known as DACS. It would only work by separating voice calls, and was incompatible with broadband. BT would not be adding these to lines that already have broadband.
There also used to be a more basic concept - the use of party lines - to share copper. It too would only work with voice calls, and I doubt BT would attempt to install those nowadays, or convert existing lines.
Splitters do exist in purely optical cabling, but they tend to be rather hidden away, and can be hard to identify. If you have an FTTP connection, you are likely sharing it through a splitter, but the datastreams are kept logically separate.
Where are the changes you describe happening? Between the existing cabinet and your home? Between the exchange and the cabinet? On new poles for the new properties?
What does the equipment look like, that you describe as a "splitter", and where is it placed? At the top of a pole? Head height? In a footpath chamber? Does it look like a small black bottle? A green box? A large black cylinder?
The cable that you mention coming up from the ducting... Is it black? Or black with a thick yellow stripe? It is the yellow stripe that usually denotes the presence of fibre.
but the cabinets around where I live are all full.
Is that the PCP wiring cab that is full? Or the FTTC addition?
BT have the ability to enlarge an old PCP cabinet (by putting a new, larger shell over the old innards) or to add an extension on the side to allow new copper pair terminations.
If the FTTC cabinet is full, then a second one can be added. BT also seem to have figured out how to give the existing cabinets more capacity, using linecards with higher port counts.