The best test is to ping your gateway, as everything goes via that gateway, this is the minimum latency you can achieve. Typically ISPs have their gateways in London data centres, so pinging most London servers will not add very much more to this baseline.
For example, my ping to my gateway is currently 6ms from the East Midlands. If I ping from an Azure virtual machine hosted in the "UK South" so I assume London, to my own router, I get 7 to 8ms. That means the Azure virtual machine is taking up to 2ms extra to get to/from me compared to pinging my gateway. Sure enough, if I ping my gateway from the Azure virtual machine, it takes just 1-2ms*. So that basically confirms my ISPs gateway is in London somewhere hence the short pings between the gateway and a London hosted Azure virtual machine. Therefore all pings to London based servers will be 6ms plus a couple more for me, but could never be better than 6ms.
This is great when servers are in London, but if I was to access servers in Manchester for example, I still go via the gateway in London, so in that case having a low latency to London doesn't help, as I'm setting off in the wrong direction and have to double back.
*In 1-2ms you can travel quite a distance in a cable, and for short trips the delays are mostly related to passing through additional routers and switches.
Edited by E300 (Sun 03-Oct-21 15:52:05)