In reply to a post by
MHC:
I also see lots various Apple machines at conferences/workshops but only for note taking, email &c
That's certainly not my observation, but I can only speak for communities in which I've worked directly or indirectly: applied maths/Physics, E.Eng & CS types. As well as pure research, I know others in diverse commercial environments spanning applications such as computational finance, the early stage design/simulation of microprocessors and engineering problems that require complex multiphysics simulations. I'm also told that Macs are popular among computational chemists and life-sciences folk.
This stuff is running natively on Mac OS X, often using math/stat/graphics tools like SciPy, SciLab, R, Matlab/Octave, IDL/GDL, Mathematica, as well as packages and tools developed using compiled languages. CAD/CAM/ECAD stuff is undoubtedly in short supply, but I know of at least one commercial multiphysics package (COMSOL) and another edu/gov one (Flash - not Adobe - better suited to large bangs of the thermonuclear kind).
Under the hood, OS X is essentially a variant of unix and so Macs also fit well in environments where large multiprocessor unix supercomputers and Linux HPC clusters perform the very heavy lifting. For many they're a worthy successor to the Sun, SGI and other workstations that many of us used when Windows sat atop DOS and was barely capable of running itself, let alone an application.
Windows is certainly well endowed with engineering packages for things like CAD/CAE, ECAD etc. - a lot of those moved from VAX minis and Unix workstations once PCs were up to the job - but those things are only part of a spectrum of math, science and engineering R&D ranging from blue-sky research through conceptual design and modelling to implementation design and manufacturing.