I realise the Neo uses a different CPU than other Macs, not sure how much different it is to the M chips.
Its the same family, same design team, same capabilities, just a reduced capability version. But anyone asking this question isn't in the market for a Neo. The Neo uses the A18 Pro SoC and the cores inside are very similar to the M4 SoC used in other Apple devices.
One way to look at it:
A18 Pro = a high-performance sports motorcycle. Extremely fast, compact, and efficient.
M4 = a high-performance sports car. Similar engineering DNA, but with more room for power, cooling, and sustained speed.
More geeky detail:
Modern computers use System on Chip (SoC) which means the many CPU cores, L2, and L3 cache and in a lot of cases the SSD storage and other controllers are on the chip. The A18 Pro has CPU cores known as Tahiti, and the A18 Pro has 2 performance at upto 4 GHz, and 4 efficiency at upto 2.42 GHz. The M4 SoC is the closest comparison. It has more cores, 3 or 4 performance, and 4 or 6 efficiency.
The main design difference is the A18 Pro is designed to slow down, be cool, throttle if hot, and it has lower memory bandwidth. The M4 can slow down (as in MacBook Air) but can also be cooled traditionally with fans and thermal paste, and so have a higher duty cycle. The M4 is also physically larger, more cores higher memory bandwidth and so can do more. (for more money).
For workloads lasting only a few seconds, the A18 Pro can feel surprisingly close to an M-series chip. For longer tasks, the M4 pulls far ahead because it can sustain higher power levels and avoid thermal throttling.
(I wrote the above, used google and some AI queries for research, but this isn't a copy/paste from an AI tool)
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