5220kbps would be an unusual cap (and I don't think you're on a cap) as it's not really a natural step (it's more than 5Mbps but less than 5.5Mbps and I'd assume any implemented steps would go 0.5, 1, 1.5, etc).
I suggest you try the usual DIY checks as your line should do more than 5220kbps at the 6dB margin (but not that much more - I'd expect somewhere around 7 to 9Mbps).
Try the 'test' socket (INSIDE your BT master socket) to rule out any internal wiring "issues" and post your stats again.
You are correct about the line speed being determined by the noise (your modem & exchange will attempt to sync with the highest possible number of 'tones' which can meet the 6dB target margin).
However the line attenuation also plays a part (the modem won't say "OK; the attenuation is xx so I'll connect at yy") as the higher frequencies (and thus the higher speeds) will not make it through.
If you were being capped (at 5220kbps) you would almost certainly see a higher downstream margin.
The fact it's at 6dB tends to imply your modem has selected the sync speed based on the noise level rather than being forced to connect no higher than 5220kbps.
5220kbps certainly won't be a cap left over from G.dmt (aka ADSL1) as 5220kbps is an impossible connection speed for that modulation (5216kbps is a possible G.dmt sync, as is 5248kbps; but it can't go in between).
Ade
ADSL2+ with BE
DL Sync around 4.8Mbps
UL Sync 1088kbps
DG834GT with DGTeam firmware