Is it really thought that the routers make that much of a difference?
Oh my God YES! read back in the previous parts of this thread.... Using the Fritz 7530 modem (2 different ones of them) I was getting 20-100Mbits.... Same with a Zen test Technicolor router, but with my Mac directly connected to the ONT (PPPOE) I got my full 500Mbps, then tried an apple TimeCapsule (ancient hardware), but gave a pretty constant 200Mbps.
The problem is that the disconnects were still happening throughout all this, which made for a rather unreliable connection, but pure download speeds, as above.... It 'seems' to be exactly how the TCP stack is working, perhaps BSD (OSX) is 'better', but perhaps not! Running a Windows 10 box direct to the ONT with PPPOE gave 500Mbps, but the
exact same hardware running Windows Server 2016 only 100Mbps.
So, short answer.... YES, the actual TCP stack that connects to the ONT matters very much (when this fault condition is present).
I completely understand your reluctance to mess with routers, that's a 'service' that FakeJake and myself provided for over 2 months, and got absolutely nowhere with Zen. Make sure you point out your observations to Zen, and if you like quote my input as to experience with routers / PPPOE.
I didn't want to change from Zen as I need fixed IP and domain hosting for work and email etc here. It's sounding very much like you have the same issue though.