Its like the Archer is operating in Bridge Mode through its port 1 but is NATing any other clients through its other ports.
Technically quite possible if the Archer was provided with multiple public IP addresses.
H!B
could actually be running multiple VLANs on the WAN side and keep the default/native VLAN active. When a customer requests “bridge mode” they bring up another VLAN so that customer can run a separate PPPoE client on their own kit out via LAN port 1.
Which would make some sense otherwise how would H!B not lock themselves out of the “higher level” remote administration of the Archer (for example to set the box into or out of a “transparent” bridge mode) of the device.
Deeper GPON level OAM / optical network profiles and diagnostics would presumably be done by a different team and management tools.