It could even be as prosaic as having a “consumer” PON and “business” PON running side by side both XGSPON but the business side may have fewer splits / run back to a separate OLT.
They have after all published a 10Gbit symmetric business service and a 3Gbit domestic service. Are these running on the same glass/PON?
I'd say it's more cost-effective to run one physical PON and if need be prioritise traffic at a higher level for now, even with the 3Gbit domestic service. You only have to provide what people are actually going to use! If Openreach can get away with 2.4Gbit downlink on a 32-split, 10Gbit downlink on a 128-split should be ample given typical domestic usage patterns.
I'd be very surprised if the 3Gbit service was taken by more than 1% of home users. Most will be on 150Mbit and typical individual domestic use only goes above 10Mbit on a 5-minute average basis when there's a game or OS update to do.
Even Virgin for the most part get away with something like 1.2Gbit down shared between what I suspect are many hundreds of domestic properties per segment. My If there were only 128 users on my DOCSIS segment I'm sure the service would work perfectly!
The business 10Gbit services probably warrant a separate fibre or wavelength. I wonder how many they sell at £500 per month - outside of media production businesses I can't imagine there is much demand.
Side note: it's interesting to look at what ISPs have reported as their peak demand recently and divide by the number of subscribers. The numbers seem to work out at less than 5Mbit average, even at 'record-breaking' peaks. A 1:128 split on XGS-PON allows for an average of more than 70Mbit per user, and that's with 128 active subscribers per PON. Not every premises passed will take a service, so to my mind XGS-PON is pretty future-proof. If they do start to get saturated it's easy, if a two-level split structure is used, to change to a 1:64 split. And I think by then someone will have 100G-PON in low-cost mass production.